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Objective To describe the real experience of the elderly who has felt happy during the time they stayed at nursing homes, and discuss the meaning which is behind their experience during the COVID- 19 pandemic, to provide scientific basis for improving their subjective well- being. Methods Qualitative explanatory phenomenological analysis methods, and semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to interview 21 elderly people living in Guangzhou Songhe Nursing Home. Data analysis and subject extraction were carried out with reference to the Colaizzi 7-step analysis. Results The real experience of subjective well-being of the elderly in nursing homes has six themes: be satisfied with the nursing home management service, be satisfied with harmonious interpersonal relationship, be satisfied with good health, be satisfied with family support, grateful and expectations for the social support system, be satisfied with and grateful for the epidemic prevention work during the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusions The elderly who live in a nursing home with perfect management and service, care for each other, are healthy, receive family and social support, are grateful, and understand family and social support will be more likely to feel happy. Improving the subjective well-being of the elderly in nursing homes requires the coordination and support of nursing homes, the elderly, families, society and other aspects. © Osmani F., 2023.
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Contract violations are frequent due to the high uncertainty and complexity of construction projects. However, enforcement after a violation has received limited attention. This study distinguishes between three types of violations, i.e., letter violations, mutually agreed spirit violations, and unilaterally assumed spirit violations, based on the documentation and mutuality dimensions. By using the data collected from Chinese general contractors, this study concludes that compared with unilaterally assumed spirit violations, violations of high mutuality of obligations (the first two violations) will lead to more severe contractual and reputational enforcement while with high mutuality, whether the violated obligations are written in the contract or not (corresponding to the first two violations, respectively) does not significantly affect the severity of enforcement. The mediating effects of relational risk perception on the aforementioned effects are empirically supported. This study contributes to the enforcement literature by exploring the effects of the characteristics of violations, especially violations of undocumented elements of contracts, on enforcement and fills the gaps in the scarce literature on reputational enforcement and its antecedents. Project managers can benefit from this study by recognizing the application of reputational enforcement and making better alignment between different types of violations and enforcement. IEEE
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As COVID-19 and other infectious diseases continue to spread globally, removing airborne pathogens from confined spaces such as buildings, transportation carriers, and stations is becoming increasingly crucial to curbing transmission and reducing human infection rates. Bioaerosols can act as vectors or media that could store and transport air pollutants and pathogens. To mitigate the adverse effects of bioaerosols and effectively control epidemics, this work reviews the current state-of-the-art air purification processes and technologies available on the market or demonstrated in laboratory and industrial settings, including ozone oxidation, UV disinfection, and photocatalysis. These reactive air purification processes can be used in conjunction with adsorption or filtration-based systems to enhance disinfection besides the physical capture of particulates or the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This review aims to provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of various reactive air purification technologies. Their principles, applications, and limitations are briefly discussed to provide insight and guidelines for further development of new air purification processes to address emerging airborne contaminant issues. © 2023 American Chemical Society.
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2), with its high pathogenicity and contagiousness, it has posed a serious threat to global public health security. Up to now, the pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV is unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Vaccine as one of the most effective strategies to prevent virus infection has become a hot area. Based on the current understanding of 2019-nCoV, the development of 2019-nCoV vaccines covers all types: inactivated virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, etc. In this review, we focus on the candidate targets of the novel coronavirus, and the types, development status and progress of 2019-nCoV vaccines in order to provide information for further research and prevention.Copyright © 2021 Chinese Medical Association
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2), with its high pathogenicity and contagiousness, it has posed a serious threat to global public health security. Up to now, the pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV is unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Vaccine as one of the most effective strategies to prevent virus infection has become a hot area. Based on the current understanding of 2019-nCoV, the development of 2019-nCoV vaccines covers all types: inactivated virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, etc. In this review, we focus on the candidate targets of the novel coronavirus, and the types, development status and progress of 2019-nCoV vaccines in order to provide information for further research and prevention.Copyright © 2021 Chinese Medical Association
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2), with its high pathogenicity and contagiousness, it has posed a serious threat to global public health security. Up to now, the pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV is unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Vaccine as one of the most effective strategies to prevent virus infection has become a hot area. Based on the current understanding of 2019-nCoV, the development of 2019-nCoV vaccines covers all types: inactivated virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, etc. In this review, we focus on the candidate targets of the novel coronavirus, and the types, development status and progress of 2019-nCoV vaccines in order to provide information for further research and prevention.Copyright © 2021 Chinese Medical Association
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Water clarity is a key parameter for assessing changes of aquatic environment. Coastal waters are complex and variable, remote sensing of water clarity for it is often limited by low spatial resolution. The Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) imagery with a resolution of up to 10 m are employed to solve the problem from 2017 to 2021. Distribution and characteristics of Secchi disk depth (SDD) in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) are analyzed. Subtle changes in localized small areas are discovered, and main factors affecting the changes are explored. Among natural factors, precipitation and wind play dominant roles in variation in SDD. Human activities have a significant influence on transparency, among which fishery farming has the greatest impact. This is clearly evidenced by the significant improvement of SDD in JZB due to the sharp decrease in human activities caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Copyright © 2022 The Authors
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Objective: To establish a three-in-one smart hospital characterized with smart service, smart medical care and smart management to improve the hospital's ability to prevent and control and respond to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Combined with the core needs of normalized prevention and control of the epidemic, the overall structure of the smart hospital was established. Emerging technologies were used as the means to strengthen system integration and security as the basis, and the interconnection and electronic medical record project were the starting point to carry out 31 projects of information system construction and integration. Results: Through the construction of smart service, a service mechanism that integrates online and offline services and covers the whole process of diagnosis and treatment has been realized. Through the construction of integrated physician workstations, smart nursing, medical quality control and other platforms with electronic medical records as the core, the clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities have been improved. Through the improvement and optimization of the information system, the capacity of the hospital's emergency management of the epidemic has been effectively improved. Conclusion: The construction of smart hospitals can provide a solid guarantee for the prevention and control of COVID-19, but it also faces many problems. The construction of smart service needs the strong support of the competent government departments, the integration of smart medical care needs to be further strengthened, and smart management needs to be further strengthened.
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Introduction & Objectives: Residential aged care facility (RACF) patients require complex care, with many needing urinary catheters. As part of Aged Care Quality Standards, facilities are expected to provide appropriate catheter management. Hospital transfers for simple catheter management burdens both Patients and health care systems. Additionally, during the COVID 19 pandemic, transfers to ED for simple catheter issues unnecessarily stresses an already strained healthcare system. Visiting geriatric services provide an alternative for RACF patients. We assessed the trends of ED presentations and referrals to visiting geriatric services for catheter related concerns before and during 2020. Methods: We assessed the electronic medical records of a tertiary teaching hospital for RACF patients with catheter related issues who were transferred to ED and those who were referred to the visiting geriatric services from 2018 to 2020. Exclusion criteria included patients who received a urinary catheter for indications other than a primary urinary tract pathology or where further assessment was required. Flushing, repositioning, or changing of a catheter was deemed suitable as management by nursing staff at RACF. Non-urgent medical assessment was deemed suitable for visiting geriatric services. Results: A total of 399 catheter related issues were managed over the included timeframe, with 129 in 2018, 126 in 2019 and 144 in 2020. Presentations to the ED accounted for 70 (54.3%), 61 (48.4%), and 56 (38.9%) of all presentations in 2018, 2019, and 2020 respectively. The remainder were managed by visiting geriatric services. Out of all catheters related issues, visiting geriatric services managed proportionately more presentations over each sequential year. Subgroup analysis of patients presenting to the ED (total 188) showed that, 115 (61.2%) were suitable for management by RACF staff. A further 34 (18.1%) were deemed suitable for visiting geriatric services. Across all three years, 79.3% of presentations were deemed safe to manage outside of the ED. Furthermore, a total of 211 were patients referred to visiting geriatric services. Of these, 25 (11.8%) were ultimate referred to hospital. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, ED presentations for simple catheter issues reduced with subsequent increase in referrals to visiting geriatric services. This reduces not only financial costs or risks of delirium and falls, but also use of ED resources. However, given 79.3% of ED presentations were deemed safe to manage in the community with or without visiting geriatric services, and only 11.8% of those managed by visiting geriatric services were referred to the ED, there is ongoing unnecessary expenditure for these cases. Further collaboration between ED, urology and geriatric medicine can further streamline this process to identify appropriate residents to be managed in RACF.
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The major ports along the coast of China that undertake container transportation are all facing problems in collection and dispatching to a certain extent. In particular, due to the recent impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, truck drivers have difficulty moving across regions, and there was once a phenomenon of no containers being transported by vehicles. This paper sorted out the basic situation of container port collection and dispatching methods all over the world. Taking Shenzhen Port as an example, this paper focused on the analysis of the structural characteristics of container transportation and the impact on the rear urban traffic and atmospheric environment. Then it proposed a intermodal transportation network and established the 'Port Shuttle Hub System' model, which would closely link the port with the railway and inland port, and integrate the transportation organization mode, which greatly improves the efficiency of port containers' transportation. © 2021 IEEE.
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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Insertion of a urinary catheter in the acute hospital ward is a commonly seen for a variety of indications. In these cases, where a patient is well enough for discharge from acute services yet may not be able to void without a catheter, a trial without catheter after a period of recuperation is warranted. In aged care facilities, where patients often have poor functional status, transfer to a hospital clinic may prove burdensome. We assess the feasibility of performing trials without catheters within the aged care home using a mobile geriatric service that can review patients within their residence. METHODS: We retrospectively analyse the electronic medical records of a tertiary teaching hospital for patients referred for a trial without catheter after an acute hospital admission. Patients who reside in aged care facilities where a trial without catheter performed within their home were identified. Data collection period was from 1st January 2018 to 30th April 2021. For patients who had voided successfully, follow up telephone reviews were performed for all patients the next day to identify any issues prior to formal discharge from the service. RESULTS: A total of 65 cases were identified. Mean age of the cases was 85.6 years. 44 referrals were for male patients and 21 were for female patients with 40 (61.5%) of all cases also having delirium or dementia, and 35 (53.8%) requiring assistance or hoist for transfers. Trial without catheter were performed successfully in 45 (69.2%) of cases. Of the remainder, 14 (21.5%) cases failed a trial without catheter and 6 cases were referred for acute admission for reasons unrelated to the urinary catheter. Of those that failed, 3 were planned for another trial without catheter and the remainder 11 (16.9%) were referred to outpatient urology review. On follow up telephone reviews for the 45 cases were trial without catheter were successful, no further voiding issues were identified. No new issues pertaining to patient's cognitive and mobility status were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Trial without catheter within the aged care facility is safe and feasible. Visiting clinicians were able to effectively manage trials without catheters, including patients who failed to void. All of these cases would otherwise require attendance to the trial without catheter clinic. In the current pandemic climate where services are limited to accommodate for COVID-19 patients, minimising transfer of frail, aged care residents to the hospital reduces urology clinic workload and keeps this vulnerable cohort away from potential COVID-19 exposure.
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The objective of the article was to examine the association between media exposure to information about COVID-19 and psychological distress in the general population in China. This is the first study that demonstrates a dose-response relationship between media exposure to information about COVID-19 and psychological distress in the healthy population. The negative effects of repeated media exposure on mental health can be seen in other community crises, including the 9/11 terrorist attack, the Boston Marathon Bombings, and the 2014 Ebola epidemic, to name a few.
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In 2020, China was also severely affected by the global spread of the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV). In the midst of the epidemic, colleges and universities are turning to online teaching. With the phased success of the epidemic, the spirit of "epidemic power"is an important part of the curriculum construction in colleges and universities. Computer-related majors have the identity of social service and are consistent in social practice. In higher vocational colleges, the curriculum construction of computer-related majors is also an important content, to improve students'study enthusiasm, to strengthen the construction of teachers'team, to improve teachers'professional ability, to give full play to their professional advantages, to put curriculum construction in the first task of teaching. © 2021 ACM.
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Since its inception, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has made outstanding contributions to promoting global equity in education. As one of the important ways to improve the global education, Information and Communication Technology has attracted UNESCO's attention. UNESCO has established several institutions dedicated to integrating ICT in education, and has carried out relevant theoretical research and practical projects. During the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, UNESCO has been using ICT to promote distance education in many places to ensure the continuity of education, which reflects convenience and flexibility of distance education, but we cannot ignore the limitations exposed. UNESCO should summarize its experience and lessons in promoting distance education during the epidemic to better seize the opportunities in the post-epidemic era, promote educational equity through scientific and technological means, and achieve the 2030 education goals for sustainable development. © 2021 IEEE.
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Big data offers a new perspective to study international relations. As an analysis method based on big data, a corpus-based study can help analyze international politics. The COVID-19 pandemic causes a tremendous challenge to the international public opinion environment and national image of China, in which the news media played a crucial role. This study selected the British mainstream media-the Sun and outlined China's national image in the UK in the era of the pandemic by collecting the China-related reports during the COVID-19. The paper used corpus as an instrument to study this question. It is clear that the news reported by British media on the topic of China's anti-pandemic action is patently biased with ideological prejudice. The conclusion of this study would be useful in helping China to repair, rebuild and reconstruct the national imagine and be beneficial to the Sino-UK relationship in the post-pandemic era. © 2021 IEEE.
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In fighting against the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), focusing on the six key points of man, machine, material, method, environment and monitoring in quality management, our hospital took a series of effective measures in advance to intervene in the key factors that affected the quality of emergency management of public health emergencies. With the development of the epidemic situation, they were further improved with continuous evaluation and adjustment. The emergency response ability and emergency management quality of our hospital have been greatly improved and patients' safety has been ensured. © 2021, Editorial Board of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Medical Sciences). All right reserved.
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The COVID-19 outbreak that became a global pandemic in early 2020 is starting to affect agricultural supply chains and leading to a rapid rise in global food prices. As many grain exporting countries announced a ban on grain exports, food security issues in China have attracted a significant international attention. Based on the Suitability Distribution Model and Soybean-Cereal Constraint Model, we explored the relationship between soybean production potential and food security. We calculated that the soybean potential planting area in China is 164.3 million ha. If the outbreak prevents China from importing soybeans, soybean planting area will need to be increased by 6.9 times to satisfy the demands. In the meantime, cereal self-sufficiency rate will drop to 63.4%, which will greatly affect food security. Each additional unit of soybean production will reduce 3.9 units of cereal production, and 1% increase in the self-sufficiency rate of soybean will result in a 0.63% drop in the self-sufficiency rate of cereal. Without sacrificing the self-sufficiency rate of cereal, the self-sufficiency rate of soybean is limited to 42%. Consequently, China will still need to import more than 68% of the current import volume of soybean. Although in the short term, the outbreak will not affect food security in China, as soybean imports decrease, insufficient supply of soybeans will affect people's quality of life. To prevent the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, China should increase soybean stocks and strengthen international cooperation. In the long term, increasing the self-sufficiency rate is a fundamental solution to solving soybean import dependency. The key to increasing soybean cultivation is by making soybean cultivation profitable and by building a sustainable soybean planting chain.